Percentage Calculators
Our collection of free percentage calculators helps you solve percentage problems, calculate percentage changes, markups, discounts, and more. Whether you're shopping, studying, or working with financial data, our percentage tools make calculations easy and accurate.
All Percentage Calculators
Percentage Calculator
Calculate percentages, find what percent one number is of another, or find a number when a percentage of it is known.
Use CalculatorPercentage Change Calculator
Calculate the percentage increase or decrease between two values, useful for tracking changes over time.
Use CalculatorMarkup Calculator
Calculate markup percentage, cost price, or selling price based on the other two values.
Use CalculatorDiscount Calculator
Calculate the discounted price, discount amount, or original price based on a percentage discount.
Use CalculatorTip Calculator
Calculate the appropriate tip amount based on bill total and desired tip percentage.
Use CalculatorPercentage Difference Calculator
Calculate the percentage difference between two values, useful for comparing relative differences.
Use CalculatorPercentage Distribution Calculator
Calculate how a total amount should be distributed based on specified percentages.
Use CalculatorPercentage Point Calculator
Calculate the difference in percentage points between two percentages.
Use CalculatorUnderstanding Percentages
What is a Percentage?
A percentage is a way of expressing a number as a fraction of 100. The word "percent" comes from the Latin "per centum," meaning "by the hundred." Percentages are used to express how large or small one quantity is relative to another quantity.
The percentage formula is:
For example, if 25 out of 100 students passed a test, then 25% of the students passed. If the price of an item increases from $80 to $100, the percentage increase is 25%.
Common Percentage Calculations
Here are some common percentage calculations you might need to perform:
-
Finding a percentage of a number:
X% of Y = (X/100) × Y
Example: 20% of 150 = (20/100) × 150 = 30
-
Finding what percentage one number is of another:
X is what percent of Y? = (X/Y) × 100%
Example: 30 is what percent of 150? = (30/150) × 100% = 20%
-
Finding the original number when a percentage is known:
If X is Y% of what number? = X ÷ (Y/100)
Example: 30 is 20% of what number? = 30 ÷ (20/100) = 30 ÷ 0.2 = 150
-
Calculating percentage change:
Percentage Change = ((New Value - Original Value) / Original Value) × 100%
Example: Price changes from $80 to $100. Percentage change = ((100 - 80) / 80) × 100% = 25%
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between percentage change and percentage point change?
Percentage change measures the relative change between two values, while percentage point change measures the absolute difference between two percentages. For example, if an interest rate increases from 5% to 7%, the percentage change is 40% ((7-5)/5 × 100%), but the percentage point change is 2 percentage points (7% - 5%).
How do I calculate a discount from a sale price?
To calculate the discount percentage from a sale price, use the formula: Discount Percentage = ((Original Price - Sale Price) / Original Price) × 100%. For example, if an item originally priced at $50 is on sale for $40, the discount percentage is ((50-40)/50) × 100% = 20%.
What's the difference between markup and margin?
Markup is calculated as a percentage of the cost price, while margin is calculated as a percentage of the selling price. For example, if an item costs $100 and sells for $150, the markup is 50% ((150-100)/100 × 100%), but the margin is 33.33% ((150-100)/150 × 100%).
How do I calculate compound percentage changes?
To calculate compound percentage changes over multiple periods, multiply the factors rather than adding the percentages. For example, if a value increases by 10% and then by another 10%, the total increase is not 20%, but rather (1.1 × 1.1 - 1) × 100% = 21%.
Can percentages be greater than 100%?
Yes, percentages can be greater than 100%. A percentage greater than 100% means that the value being described is greater than the reference value. For example, if a company's profits increase from $100,000 to $250,000, that's a 150% increase.